1、public class
View
extends Object
implements Drawable.Callback
KeyEvent.Callback AccessibilityEventSource
java.lang.Object
????
android.view.View
?
Class Overview
This class represents the basic building block for user interface components. A View occupies a rectangular area on the screen and is responsible for drawing and event handling. View is the base class forwidgets, which are used to create interactive UI components (buttons, text fields, etc.).
public abstract class
?
View是Android中所有控件的基類，Button/TextView/RelativeLayout/ListView等，其共同基類都是View。View是界面層的控件的一種抽象，待變一個控件。
ViewGroup
extends View
implements ViewManager
ViewParent
java.lang.Object ???? android.view.View ? ???? android.view.ViewGroup ? Class Overview
A ViewGroup is a special view that can contain other views (called children.) The view group is the base class for layouts and views containers.
ViewGroup內(nèi)部包含一組View，ViewGroup也繼承自View，這就說明View本身就可以使單個控件或多個控件組成的一組控件。
UI界面架構(gòu)圖：
每個Activity都包含一個Window對象，Window對象通常由PhoneWindow來實現(xiàn)。PhoneWindow將一個DecorWindow設(shè)置為整個窗口的根View。DecView里有所有View的監(jiān)聽事件，通過WindowManagerService進(jìn)行接收，并通過Activity對象回調(diào)相應(yīng)的onClickListener。顯示界面上，將屏幕分為兩部分，分別為TitleView和ContentView。ContentView是一個ID為content的FrameLayout，布局文件activity_main.xml就是設(shè)置在這樣一個FrameLayout中。
2、View的位置參數(shù)：
View根據(jù)上圖得到View的寬高和坐標(biāo)（相對于ViewGroup，而不是原點）的關(guān)系：
width = right - left;
height = bottom - top;
獲取這幾個參數(shù)的方法如下：
mLeft?=?getLeft(); mRight?=?getRight(); mTop?=?getTop(); mBottom?=?getBottpm();
Android3.0開始View增加了幾個參數(shù):x,y,translationX,translationY,其中x,y是View左上角的坐標(biāo)，translationX,translationY是View左上角相對于父容器的偏移量：
x = left + translationX;
y = top + translationY;
需要注意：View在平移過程中，top/left表示的是原始左上角的位置信息，其值在移動期間不會發(fā)生改變，變化的是x,y,translationX,translationY.
3、View的三大流程（measure,layout,draw）之View的測量
View的繪制流程從ViewRoot的performTraversals方法開始，ViewRoot對應(yīng)于ViewRootImpl類，是連接WindowManager和DecorView的紐帶，View的三大流程均是通過ViewRoot來完成。在ActivityThread中，當(dāng)Activity對象被創(chuàng)建完畢后，會將DecorView添加到Window中，同時會創(chuàng)建ViewRootImpl對象，并將ViewRootImpl對象與DecorView相關(guān)聯(lián)：
root?=?new?ViewRootImpl(view.getContext(),display); root.setView(view,wparams,panelParentView);
View的繪制流程從ViewRoot的performTraversals方法開始，經(jīng)過measure,layout,draw三個過程將一個View繪制出來。
performTraversals會依次調(diào)用performMeasure,performLayout,performDraw三個方法，分別完成頂級View的measure,layout,draw三大流程，其中performMeasure中會調(diào)用measure方法，在measure方法中又調(diào)用onMeasure方法，在inMeasure方法中會對所有子元素進(jìn)行measure過程，此時measure流程就從父元素傳到子元素了，這樣完成了一次measure過程。接著子元素會重復(fù)父容器的measure過程，如此反復(fù)完成整個View樹的遍歷。performLayout與performDraw與之類似，不同的是performDraw的傳遞過程是在draw方法中通過dispatchDraw來實現(xiàn)。
測量過程在onMeasure()方法中進(jìn)行。
Android提供了一個功能強大的類--MeasureSpec類。
public static class
View.MeasureSpec
extends Object
java.lang.Object
????
android.view.View.MeasureSpec
Summary:
Constants |Ctors |
Methods | Inherited Methods |
[Expand All]
Added in API level 1
public static class
View.MeasureSpec
extends Object
java.lang.Object
????
android.view.View.MeasureSpec
Class Overview
A MeasureSpec encapsulates the layout requirements passed from parent to child. Each MeasureSpec represents a requirement for either the width or the height. A MeasureSpec is comprised of a size and a mode. There are three possible modes:
UNSPECIFIED The parent has not imposed any constraint on the child. It can be whatever size it wants.EXACTLY The parent has determined an exact size for the child. The child is going to be given those bounds regardless of how big it wants to be.AT_MOST The child can be as large as it wants up to the specified size.
MeasureSpec是一個32位的int值，高2位為測量模式（SpecMode），低30位是測量大?。⊿pecSize）.
View默認(rèn)的onMeasure()方法只支持EXACTLY模式，因此如果讓自定義View支持wrap_content屬性，就必須重寫onMeasure()方法來指定wrap_content大?。ㄟM(jìn)一步說明，由源碼得出，wrap_content下的SpecMode是AT_MOST，此時的specSize是parentSize，即如果不指定wrap_content，在布局中使用wrap_content就相當(dāng)于使用match_parent）.
解決方法：
protected?void?onMeasure(int?widthMeasureSpec,int?heightMeasureSpec){
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec,?heightMeasureSpec);
int?widthSpecMode?=?MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
int?widthSpecSize?=?MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
int?heightSpecMode?=?MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
int?heightSpecSize?=?MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
if(widthSpecMode?==?MeasureSpec.AT_MOST?&&?heightSpecMode?==?MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
setMeasureDimension(mWidth,mHeight);
}else?if(widthSpecMode?==?MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
setMeasureDimension(mWidth,heightSpecSize);
}else?if(heightSpecMode?==?MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
setMeasureDimension(widthSoecSize,mHeight)
}
}在上面代碼中指定View的默認(rèn)寬高（mWidth/mHeight），并在wrap_content時設(shè)置此寬高。
Demo：
MeasureView.java
?
package?sunny.example.ahthreeviewmeasure;
import?android.content.Context;
import?android.util.AttributeSet;
import?android.view.View;
import?android.widget.Button;
import?android.widget.TextView;
public?class?MeasureView?extends?View{
public?MeasureView(Context?context)?{
super(context);
//?TODO?Auto-generated?constructor?stub
?
}
public?MeasureView(Context?context,?AttributeSet?attrs)?{
super(context,?attrs);
//?TODO?Auto-generated?constructor?stub
}
public?MeasureView(Context?context,?AttributeSet?attrs,?int?defStyle)?{
super(context,?attrs,?defStyle);
//?TODO?Auto-generated?constructor?stub
}
@Override
protected?void?onMeasure(int?widthMeasureSpec,int?heightMeasureSpec){
super.onMeasure(widthMeasureSpec,?heightMeasureSpec);
int?widthSpecMode?=?MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec);
int?widthSpecSize?=?MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec);
int?heightSpecMode?=?MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec);
int?heightSpecSize?=?MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec);
if(widthSpecMode?==?MeasureSpec.AT_MOST?&&?heightSpecMode?==?MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
setMeasuredDimension(400,400);//指定寬高
}else?if(widthSpecMode?==?MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
setMeasuredDimension(400,heightSpecSize);
}else?if(heightSpecMode?==?MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
setMeasuredDimension(widthSpecSize,400);
}
}
}?
activity_main.xml
MainActivity.java
?
package?sunny.example.ahthreeviewmeasure;
import?android.support.v7.app.ActionBarActivity;
import?android.os.Bundle;
public?class?MainActivity?extends?ActionBarActivity?{
@Override
protected?void?onCreate(Bundle?savedInstanceState)?{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//MeasureView?mView?=?(MeasureView)findViewById(R.id.measureView);
}
}?
?
?
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